Persistent hiccups as a rare presenting symptom of empyema: a case report

Table 1 Cases of empyema or pneumonia presenting with hiccups, excluding COVID-19 cases

	Age	Gender	Comorbidity	Infection side	Clinical presentations			Pathogen identified	Outcome
	Age	Gender	Comorbidity	Infection side	Fever	Cough	Hiccups	Pathogen identified	Outcome
Our patient	69	Male	Smoker	LLL	+	-	+	Streptococcus intermedius	Survived
Brikman S, et al.^[[4]]	71	Male	Hypertension	RLL	+	-	+	-	Survived
Konno S, et al.^[[5]]	71	Male	Alcoholism	RLL	+	-	+	Legionellosis	Survived
Yamazaki Y, et al.^[[6]]	75	Male	CVA	RLL	-	-	+	-	Survived
Rosenberger J, et al.^[[7]]	44	Male	Kidney transplant	RLL	NA	NA	+	MRSE	Survived
Burdette SD, et al.^[[8]]	73	Male	NA	RLL	-	+	+	-	Survived
Karakonstantis S, et al.^[[9]]	79	Male	Hypertension COPD	LLL	-	+	+	-	Survived

Abbreviations: COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CVA: Cerebrovascular accident; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; NA: not available; MRSE: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis; RLL: Right Lower Lung; LLL: Left Lower Lung

ISSN: 1865-1380