Table 2 GRADE assessment for PCA morphine compared to IV morphine

Patient satisfaction

1166

(5 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁⨁

High

not estimable

734 per 1,000

734 fewer per 1,000

(734 fewer to 734 fewer)

Number of patients requiring additional analgesia

760

(3 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁◯

Moderate^a

OR 0.47

(0.34 to 0.64)

387 per 1,000

158 fewer per 1,000

(210 fewer to 99 fewer)

Adverse effect:

Nausea/Vomiting

684

(5 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁◯

Moderate^a

OR 1.25

(0.82 to 1.90)

214 per 1,000

40 more per 1,000

(32 fewer to 127 more)

Pain

1405

(8 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁◯

Moderate^b

-

-

SMD 0.2 lower

(0.55 lower to 0.14 higher)

Pain by dosage - Low dosage (less than 1 mg)

166

(2 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁◯

Moderate^a

-

-

SMD 0.36 lower

(0.67 lower to 0.06 lower)

Pain by dosage - High dosage (more than 1 mg)

179

(2 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁◯

Moderate^a

-

-

SMD 0.38 lower

(0.68 lower to 0.09 lower)

Pain by intervals - Pain measured at 120 min

868

(3 RCTs)

⨁⨁⨁◯

Moderate^b

-

-

SMD 0.3 lower

(1.08 lower to 0.49 higher)